Nimekuwa nikifuatilia kwa makini michango ya wachangiaji wa mada hii. Nami naomba kuchangia kama ifuatavyo.
Kwanza kabisa naomba kumshukuru Rais wetu Mh. Jakaya Kikwete, kwa kutokuwa na pupa na hili suala hili la Shirikisho la Afrika Mashariki, na pia kwa namna ambavyo amejitoa muhanga katika kushughulikia masuala mbali mbali ya ufisadi na rushwa za viwango vikubwa ambavyo ndivyo vimekuwa vikwazo vikubwa vya maendeleo kwa Tanzania. Naomba kuzungumzia faida za Shirikisho kwa Kenya kama ifuatavyo.
Faida za Kenya katika Shirikisho
Ardhi
Kenya kuna uhaba wa ardhi kama ambavyo wachangiaji wengine wamezungumza na pia sheria zao za ardhi hazina manufaa kwa watu wa maisha ya kati na ya chini ambao ndiyo asilimia kubwa, yaweza kuwa asilimia 90 au 95. Hivyo basi kwa kuungana na Tanzania yaweza kuwa suluhisho la tatizo la ardhi kwao, kina Gitau na kina Kamau wataweza kumiliki ardhi Tanzania. Kwa upande mwingine watanzania hawataweza kumiliki ardhi Kenya kwa kuwa ardhi Kenya haipo.
Faida kwa Kenya, hasara kwa Tanzania
Kenya kuna uhaba wa ardhi kama ambavyo wachangiaji wengine wamezungumza na pia sheria zao za ardhi hazina manufaa kwa watu wa maisha ya kati na ya chini ambao ndiyo asilimia kubwa, yaweza kuwa asilimia 90 au 95. Hivyo basi kwa kuungana na Tanzania yaweza kuwa suluhisho la tatizo la ardhi kwao, kina Gitau na kina Kamau wataweza kumiliki ardhi Tanzania. Kwa upande mwingine watanzania hawataweza kumiliki ardhi Kenya kwa kuwa ardhi Kenya haipo.
Faida kwa Kenya, hasara kwa Tanzania
Rasilimali Nyinginezo
Ukiachilia mbali suala la ardhi, Tanzania inazo rasilimali nyingine kama vile vito na madini mbalimbali, sehemu kubwa za uvuvi, gesi ya Songo Songo n.k. Hizi ni rasilimali ambazo Kenya imekuwa ikizitizama kwa husuda kubwa. Kwa mtizamo wa Kenya in kwamba rasilimali hizi badala ya kumilikiwa na Tanzania peke yake, Kenya itapata upenyo wa kuwa na sauti na umiliki wa rasilimali hizi. Katika hili Kenya inategemea kufaidika zaidi.
Faida kwa Kenya, hasara kwa Tanzania
Ukiachilia mbali suala la ardhi, Tanzania inazo rasilimali nyingine kama vile vito na madini mbalimbali, sehemu kubwa za uvuvi, gesi ya Songo Songo n.k. Hizi ni rasilimali ambazo Kenya imekuwa ikizitizama kwa husuda kubwa. Kwa mtizamo wa Kenya in kwamba rasilimali hizi badala ya kumilikiwa na Tanzania peke yake, Kenya itapata upenyo wa kuwa na sauti na umiliki wa rasilimali hizi. Katika hili Kenya inategemea kufaidika zaidi.
Faida kwa Kenya, hasara kwa Tanzania
Uingiaji wa Wageni Afika Mashariki
Kenya imekuwa ikijitangaza kwamba uwanja wa ndege wa Nairobi ni “Gateway of East Afrika”, hii ikiwa na maana ya “lango la kuingilia Afrika Mashariki”, na inataka kuhalalisha hilo katika Shirikisho la Afrika Mashariki. Tafsiri ya hili kiuchumi ni kwamba, wageni wanaokuja Afrika Mashariki watashawishiwa kuingilia Nairobi-Kenya. Wageni wanapoingilia Nairobi ina maana asilimia kubwa ya fedha ya kigeni waliyokuja nayo wataiacha Kenya kwa njia ya kulipia kodi za viwanja vya ndege, malazi usafiri n.k. Inawezekana pia nchi za Shirikisho zikashawishiwa kuchangia fedha kukuza lango hilo kuu la kuingilia Afrika Mashariki.
Faida kwa Kenya, hasara kwa Tanzania
Kenya imekuwa ikijitangaza kwamba uwanja wa ndege wa Nairobi ni “Gateway of East Afrika”, hii ikiwa na maana ya “lango la kuingilia Afrika Mashariki”, na inataka kuhalalisha hilo katika Shirikisho la Afrika Mashariki. Tafsiri ya hili kiuchumi ni kwamba, wageni wanaokuja Afrika Mashariki watashawishiwa kuingilia Nairobi-Kenya. Wageni wanapoingilia Nairobi ina maana asilimia kubwa ya fedha ya kigeni waliyokuja nayo wataiacha Kenya kwa njia ya kulipia kodi za viwanja vya ndege, malazi usafiri n.k. Inawezekana pia nchi za Shirikisho zikashawishiwa kuchangia fedha kukuza lango hilo kuu la kuingilia Afrika Mashariki.
Faida kwa Kenya, hasara kwa Tanzania
Soko la Utalii
Kama ilivyo kwa airport, sheria ya Shirikisho inahitaji vivutio vya utalii vitangazwe kwa pamoja. Hii ina maana kwamba Tanzania haitaweza kujitanganza kiutalii. Wageni wataambiwa “Njoo Afika Mashariki kupitia Nairobi Kenya uone mbuga za wanyama za Afrika Mashariki” Hii ina maana kwamba kampuni za utalii Kenya zitakuwa kwa kasi kubwa. Pesa yote ya utalii itokanayo na kodi za utalii, usafiri, malazi n.k. itabaki Kenya. Kampuni zetu za utalii Tanzania zitakufa, ajira ya watanzania kwenye sekta ya utalii itasinyaa na kufa. Sekta ya utalii itatawaliwa na wakenya, na kutokana na hulka yao ya ukabila hakuna mtanzania atakayeweza kupata ajira katika sekta hiyo.
Faida kwa Kenya, hasara kwa Tanzania
Kama ilivyo kwa airport, sheria ya Shirikisho inahitaji vivutio vya utalii vitangazwe kwa pamoja. Hii ina maana kwamba Tanzania haitaweza kujitanganza kiutalii. Wageni wataambiwa “Njoo Afika Mashariki kupitia Nairobi Kenya uone mbuga za wanyama za Afrika Mashariki” Hii ina maana kwamba kampuni za utalii Kenya zitakuwa kwa kasi kubwa. Pesa yote ya utalii itokanayo na kodi za utalii, usafiri, malazi n.k. itabaki Kenya. Kampuni zetu za utalii Tanzania zitakufa, ajira ya watanzania kwenye sekta ya utalii itasinyaa na kufa. Sekta ya utalii itatawaliwa na wakenya, na kutokana na hulka yao ya ukabila hakuna mtanzania atakayeweza kupata ajira katika sekta hiyo.
Faida kwa Kenya, hasara kwa Tanzania
Ukuaji wa Viwanda Uchumi
Kwa mazingira yaliyokuwepo sasa hivi, Kenya imeendelea sana kwa upande wa viwanda kuliko Tanzania. Kama tunavyofahamu viwanda vinaleta msukumo mkubwa katika maendeleo. Kwa sasa hivi Tanzania ni mojawapo ya masoko makubwa ya Kenya. Mwelekeo wa Shirikisho ni kwamba, viwanda Kenya vitaendelea kukua. Hii ina maana ya kukua kwa ajira Kenya. Tanzania itakuwa ni sehemu tu ya kuzalishia malighafi na kuwa soko la Kenya. Mara nyingi wenye viwanda ndiyo wenye kupanga bei za mali ghafi, hivyo malighafi ya Tanzania itakuwa inapangiwa bei na wakenya.
Faida zaidi hapa ni kwa Kenya kuliko Tanzania
Kwa mazingira yaliyokuwepo sasa hivi, Kenya imeendelea sana kwa upande wa viwanda kuliko Tanzania. Kama tunavyofahamu viwanda vinaleta msukumo mkubwa katika maendeleo. Kwa sasa hivi Tanzania ni mojawapo ya masoko makubwa ya Kenya. Mwelekeo wa Shirikisho ni kwamba, viwanda Kenya vitaendelea kukua. Hii ina maana ya kukua kwa ajira Kenya. Tanzania itakuwa ni sehemu tu ya kuzalishia malighafi na kuwa soko la Kenya. Mara nyingi wenye viwanda ndiyo wenye kupanga bei za mali ghafi, hivyo malighafi ya Tanzania itakuwa inapangiwa bei na wakenya.
Faida zaidi hapa ni kwa Kenya kuliko Tanzania
Ajira
Shirikisho litakuza ajira zaidi kwa Kenya na pia labda kwa Tanzania. Ila kama tunavyofahamu kwa Kenya, “U-Kamau”, “Uluo”, “Ukikuyu”, “Ukamba”, “U-Wagitau Waigiri” nikiwa na maana ya ukabila, umetawala fikra za wakenya. Hakuna mtanzania atakayeweza kupata ajira Kenya. Wengi mnakumbuka matukio mbali mbali ya watanzania wasomi waliowahi kushika nafasi nyeti Kenya na kurudishwa Tanzania wakiwa maiti. Ukweli ni kwamba ajira kwa mtanzania Kenya ni ndoto, haiwezekani. Sababu kubwa siyo kwamba watanzania hawana uwezo, ila ukabila umetawala sana Kenya. Wafute ukabila kwanza kabla ya Shirikisho. Na hii si kwa Kenya tu bali pia kwa majirani zetu wa Uganda, Rwanda na Burundi.
Faida zaidi hapa ni kwa Kenya kuliko Tanzania
Shirikisho litakuza ajira zaidi kwa Kenya na pia labda kwa Tanzania. Ila kama tunavyofahamu kwa Kenya, “U-Kamau”, “Uluo”, “Ukikuyu”, “Ukamba”, “U-Wagitau Waigiri” nikiwa na maana ya ukabila, umetawala fikra za wakenya. Hakuna mtanzania atakayeweza kupata ajira Kenya. Wengi mnakumbuka matukio mbali mbali ya watanzania wasomi waliowahi kushika nafasi nyeti Kenya na kurudishwa Tanzania wakiwa maiti. Ukweli ni kwamba ajira kwa mtanzania Kenya ni ndoto, haiwezekani. Sababu kubwa siyo kwamba watanzania hawana uwezo, ila ukabila umetawala sana Kenya. Wafute ukabila kwanza kabla ya Shirikisho. Na hii si kwa Kenya tu bali pia kwa majirani zetu wa Uganda, Rwanda na Burundi.
Faida zaidi hapa ni kwa Kenya kuliko Tanzania
Usalama wa Raia na mali zao Tanzania
Kwa Tanzania mbali ya kuwa na hasara za kiuchumi bali pia kama tunavyofahamu kumekuwa na matukio mengi ya vitendo vya majambazi kutoka nchi za Kenya, Rwanda na Burundi. Matukio hayo yamekuwa yakihatarisha usalama na amani hapa nchini. Matukio ya hivi karibuni ni pamoja na ujambazi wa kuvamia mabenki uliotokea katika benki za Moshi, CRDB Azikiwe Dar es Salaam, na NBC Ubungo. Uvamizi huo ulifanywa na majambazi waliokuwa wamesheheni zana za kivita kutoka Kenya. Matukio mengine ni pamoja na vitendo vya utekaji nyara magari sehemu za Kagera na Ngara. Watanzania tuwe macho na majirani wenye hulka za namna hii.
Kwa Tanzania mbali ya kuwa na hasara za kiuchumi bali pia kama tunavyofahamu kumekuwa na matukio mengi ya vitendo vya majambazi kutoka nchi za Kenya, Rwanda na Burundi. Matukio hayo yamekuwa yakihatarisha usalama na amani hapa nchini. Matukio ya hivi karibuni ni pamoja na ujambazi wa kuvamia mabenki uliotokea katika benki za Moshi, CRDB Azikiwe Dar es Salaam, na NBC Ubungo. Uvamizi huo ulifanywa na majambazi waliokuwa wamesheheni zana za kivita kutoka Kenya. Matukio mengine ni pamoja na vitendo vya utekaji nyara magari sehemu za Kagera na Ngara. Watanzania tuwe macho na majirani wenye hulka za namna hii.
Hasara kwa Tanzania
Endapo Shirikisho litavunjika baada ya miaka ishirini ijayo nani atafaidika?
Kwa uchambuzi niliofanya hapo juu, ni wazi kwamba, malighafi za Tanzania ukiachilia mbali mazao ya mashambani zitakuwa zimekwisha, viwanda nchini Kenya viatkuwa vimekuwa sana na ajira nyingi zitakuwepo Kenya, Tanzania itabaki kuwa soko tegemezi kwa Kenya.
Faida kwa Kenya hasara kwa Tanzania
Endapo Shirikisho litavunjika baada ya miaka ishirini ijayo nani atafaidika?
Kwa uchambuzi niliofanya hapo juu, ni wazi kwamba, malighafi za Tanzania ukiachilia mbali mazao ya mashambani zitakuwa zimekwisha, viwanda nchini Kenya viatkuwa vimekuwa sana na ajira nyingi zitakuwepo Kenya, Tanzania itabaki kuwa soko tegemezi kwa Kenya.
Faida kwa Kenya hasara kwa Tanzania
Faida kwa Tanzania
Naomba kwa wale watanzania wenye uelewa zaidi watufahamishe faida za shirikisho kwa Tanzania kwa maana mimi binafsi sizioni.
Naomba kwa wale watanzania wenye uelewa zaidi watufahamishe faida za shirikisho kwa Tanzania kwa maana mimi binafsi sizioni.
Ombi kwa Gitau Waigiri na Kamau
Hawa niliotaja hapa ni wachangiaji wa mada hii ambao wametumia kejeli kubwa kudhalilisha watanzaia pamoja na viongozi wao. Natumaini kwamba wachangiaji hawa pamoja na wakenya wengine wamekuwa wakifuatilia mada hii kwa karibu. Naomba watufahamishe Tanzania itafaidika vipi katika Shirikisho wakiainisha kipengele kwa kipengele kama nilivyoainisha hapo juu
Hawa niliotaja hapa ni wachangiaji wa mada hii ambao wametumia kejeli kubwa kudhalilisha watanzaia pamoja na viongozi wao. Natumaini kwamba wachangiaji hawa pamoja na wakenya wengine wamekuwa wakifuatilia mada hii kwa karibu. Naomba watufahamishe Tanzania itafaidika vipi katika Shirikisho wakiainisha kipengele kwa kipengele kama nilivyoainisha hapo juu
Ombi kwa Idara ya Uhamiaji Tanzania
Kumekuwa na wakenya ambao wameweza kujipenyeza kwenye soko la ajira Tanzania. Tunaomba, kabla maofisa wa uhamiaji hawajaanza kuwajibika katika wakati huu wa uwajibikaji wachunguze kwa makini hizo ajira, na kuona kama kuna umuhimu wa wakenya hao kuchukua nafasi hizo ambazo zinapunguza ajira kwa watanzania.
Kumekuwa na wakenya ambao wameweza kujipenyeza kwenye soko la ajira Tanzania. Tunaomba, kabla maofisa wa uhamiaji hawajaanza kuwajibika katika wakati huu wa uwajibikaji wachunguze kwa makini hizo ajira, na kuona kama kuna umuhimu wa wakenya hao kuchukua nafasi hizo ambazo zinapunguza ajira kwa watanzania.
Ombi kwa watanzania
Tutafute namna ya kukuza elimu Tanzania, tuwekeze katika elimu ili tuweze kumiliki na kuendeleza rasilimali zetu. Tupige vita kwa moyo wote ufisadi na rushwa, kwani hivi ndivyo vikwazo vikubwa vya maendeleo, popote duniani. Athari za rushwa kwetu Tanzania tumeziona katika chaguzi za viongozi, zimesababisha kupata viongozi wasiokuwa sahihi, wizi mkubwa, mikataba mibovu, nk. hivi vyote vimeligharimu taifa na kudumaza maendeleo. Tupige vita ukabila na tuukumbatie umoja wetu. Tufanye kazi kwa bidii kubwa ili kukuza uchumi.
Tutafute namna ya kukuza elimu Tanzania, tuwekeze katika elimu ili tuweze kumiliki na kuendeleza rasilimali zetu. Tupige vita kwa moyo wote ufisadi na rushwa, kwani hivi ndivyo vikwazo vikubwa vya maendeleo, popote duniani. Athari za rushwa kwetu Tanzania tumeziona katika chaguzi za viongozi, zimesababisha kupata viongozi wasiokuwa sahihi, wizi mkubwa, mikataba mibovu, nk. hivi vyote vimeligharimu taifa na kudumaza maendeleo. Tupige vita ukabila na tuukumbatie umoja wetu. Tufanye kazi kwa bidii kubwa ili kukuza uchumi.
Mdau Bongo
This guy is smart
ReplyDeleteKabla Wakenya hawajataka kuishi nasisi waanze kwanza kujifunza kuishi wao kwa wao - wakikuyu na wajaluo; wajaluo na wakisii etc
ReplyDeleteMdau ulicho kisema ni kweli kabisa sikipingi hata kimoja safi sana kwa point zako keep it up.
ReplyDeleteMdau nakusifu kwa maoni yako, umeyapanga, mi naounga mkono maoni yako, ila natoa wito kwa watanzania kuwachomea kwa uhamiaji mkenya yeyote utake mouna TZ sio kwamba mimi ni mbaguzi ila wakae kama wana permit sio wanatukana viongozi wetu (soma article ya warigi sijui jina lake nimeliandika sawa,potelea mbali) halafu sisi tunawachekea huku mitaani tena tunajua wanakaa na kufanya kazi illegal, kwa kifupi kama mtu ana permit akae kama hana aanze mbele, we can manage without him/her. kwani hakuna watanzania walifukuzwa kenya kwa kukosa permit? kwani hakuna watanzania tena wanafunzi ambao wameuwawa kenya? (halafu kina Kamau wanasema eti tuna elimu nzuri)
ReplyDeleteBahati
HAYO MASUALA YA UMASIKINI WA TANZANIA HAYANIGUSI SAANA.
ReplyDeleteKINACHONIGUSA SAANA NI KWAMBA TUNATAKA KUWAFUNGULIA MILANGO YETU WATU WENYE DAMU ZA WATU MIKONONO MWAO. WAMEMWAGA DAMU KWA SABABU ZA UKABILA. MFANO BURUNDI NA RWANDA NI SABABU YA UKABILA (HUTU V TUSI). KENYA NI UKABILA (LUO V KIKUYU). UGANDA NI UKABILA (ACHOLI V WENGINE) NA UDINI (JESHI LA BWANA).
NA PIA KUNA GUMZO KUBWA KUWA KENYA KUNA UDINI SAANA (MNAJUWA DINI GANI INAYOWEZA KUWA KITOWEO).
SISI TANZANIA HATUNA KASORO HIZO SASA, ILA TUKIWARUHUSU HAWA BASI TUTACHINJANA KWA MAAMBUKIZI YA UKABILA NA UDINI.
Mdau Bongo vitu ulivyoviandika ni vya maana na msingi. Tusiharakishwe na kujiunga na jumuiya hii. We have everything a lot to lose n less to gain. Kama nchi nyingine zinataka haraka basi waanze kujiunga wao kwanza sisi tutafata when the time is right.
ReplyDeleteMdau number 6
duh mdau, hapo umegongelea msumari ambao hakuna mtu atakayeweza kuutoa. Big up, what a smart analysis.
ReplyDeleteI WISH TUNGEKUWA TUNAWEZA KUCHAMBUA MATATIZO YA NCHI YETU NA VIONGOZI KIASI HIKI.SEMA TUKO MBELE SANA KUKOSOA YA BAADAE KULIKO YA SASA.
ReplyDeleteSAHAUNI KUHUSU MUUNGANO HATU RUSU UTOKEE MBELE YA MACHO YETU JAPO TUMERUHUSU MENGI VIONGOZI WETU KUFANYA.
MDA UMEFIKA KUZUNGUNZIA MATATIZO YA SASA KWA UWAZI NA UHURU NA TUTAKUSHUKURU MICHUZI KAMA UTATUPA NAFASI WATU KUSEMA UKWELI.
NAKUOMBA USIBANE HII COMMENT HIJACHAFUA HEWA HATA KIDOGO.
by mzawa
ANGALI PAPER HII ILITOLEWA HULL UNIVERSITY NA DR KAMALA JUU YA EAST AFRICA FEDERATION/COMMUNITYResearch Memorandum
ReplyDelete58 • June 2006
The Achievements and Challenges
of the New East African
Community Co-operation
Diodorus Buberwa Kamala, MP
Deputy Minister for
East African Community Co-operation
An Open Lecture May 3, 2006 at:
The Business School
University of Hull
Cottingham Road, Hull HU6 7RX
United Kingdom
ISBN: 1-90203 455-4
© 2006 Diodorus Buberwa Kamala, MP
All intellectual property rights, including copyright in this publication, except for those attributed to named sources, are owned by the author(s) of this research memorandum. No part of this publication may be copied or transmitted in any form without the prior written consent from the author(s). 2
Abstract
This paper presents the achievements and challenges of the new East African Community Co-operation, created in November 1999. A prior East African Community Co-operation collapsed in 1977 for various reasons that are not the subject of this paper. This paper has four sections: an introduction in section one, section two and three presenting the achievements and challenges of the new East African Community Co-operation, and by conclusions in section four.
The East African Community (EAC) is the regional co-operation that comprises the Republic of Tanzania, Kenya and Uganda. Its headquarters are in Arusha, Tanzania. These three East African countries cover an area of 1.8 million square kilometers with a population of over 90 million people who share a common history, language, culture and infrastructure.
Since the community’s re-establishment in 1999, the community has recorded a number of achievements. The achievements include: success in establishing the organs of the community as stated in the EAC treaty, establishment of the EAC Custom Union, strengthening of an East African identity, harmonization of monetary and fiscal policies, improvement of transport and communications systems, the launching of the Lake Victoria Commission and deepening of co-operations in different sectors.
However, there are challenges to be addressed for EAC survival. These challenges are economic, global, political and social, with financial resources challenges.
The decision for re-establishing the East African Community is a right decision taken at the right time. It is a right decision that will enable East African partner states to withstand the forces of globalization, provide an enabling environment for attracting foreign direct investments and create a large market of over 90 million people. The EAC will remove barriers and obstacles for trade within East Africa, reduce the cost of doing business in East Africa, and eventually improve the welfare of East Africans.
Establishing the East African Community Co-operation is not a panacea. Deliberate efforts must be made to avoid the collapse of the new East African Community, as happened to the previous East African Community in 1977. Tanzanians, Ugandans and Kenyans must start thinking as East Africans and stop thinking as individual nations. Economic, political, global, social and financial resources challenges need to be addressed for the survival of the community.
The success of the East African Community will be achieved through political will, adherence to good governance, and market driven economic policies with the support of a strong private sector. This requires sustainable institutional development, the development of an efficient and effective compensatory mechanism and putting in place an effective system of raising resources for the community, from both partner states and other sources.
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INTRODUCTION
This paper presents the achievements and challenges of the new East African Community Co-operation, created in November 1999. A prior East African Community Co-operation collapsed in 1977 for various reasons that are not the subject of this paper. This paper has four sections: an introduction in section one, section two and three presenting the achievements and challenges of the new East African Community Co-operation, and by conclusions in section four.
East African Community Partner States
The East African Community (EAC) is the regional co-operation that comprises The Republic of Tanzania, Kenya and Uganda, with its headquarters in Arusha, Tanzania. These three East African countries cover an area of 1.8 million square kilometers with a population of over 90 million people who share a common history, language, culture and infrastructure. The region’s principal exports are agricultural products. These include horticulture, tea, coffee, cotton, tobacco, pyrethrum, fish, and hides and skins. Other exports include handcrafts and minerals such as gold, diamonds, gemstones, soda ash and limestone. Tourism is also one of the major sources of foreign exchange for EAC countries. The regions major imports are machinery and other capital equipment, industrial supplies and raw materials, motor vehicles and motor vehicle parts, fertilizer, and crude and refined petroleum products.
Prior to the re-launching of the East African Community in 1999, Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda enjoyed a long history of co-operation under successive regional integration arrangements. These included the Customs Union between Kenya and Uganda in 1917, which Tanganyika later joined in 1927; the East African High Commission (1948-1961), the East African Common Services Organization (1961-1967), and the previous East African Community that lasted from 1967 until its collapse in 1977.
Among the reasons cited for the collapse of the East African Community in 1977 were, among many, ideological differences, structural problems that impinged upon the management of common services, limited participation by people in decision-making, and a lack of compensatory mechanisms for addressing inequalities in the sharing of costs and benefits of integration.
Economic Performance of EAC Partner States
Table 1 indicates that Kenya’s economy is larger than the economy of Tanzania and Uganda. However, it is worth noting that the economy of Tanzania has grown significantly, and that in 2002 it was 72 percent of the size of Kenya’s economy, compared to 57 percent in 1990. The same growth trend has happened to Uganda’s economy in comparison to Kenya’s economy. This fact suggests that the Tanzanian and Ugandan economies have been converging towards the Kenya economy. On average, from 1990
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to 2002 Tanzania’s economy was growing faster than those of Kenya and Uganda.
Table 1. Comparative Macroeconomic Indicators: Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania
Indicator
1990
1994
2000
2002
1990 – 2002
(Average)
GDP (At Market prices, constant) US $ million
Kenya
8,360
8,664
9,883
10,098
-
Uganda
4,101
5,071
7,879
8,832
-
Tanzania
4,807
5,161
6,461
7,287
-
GDP Growth (%)
Kenya
4.2
2.6
-0.2
1.0
1.8
Uganda
6.5
3.6
3.5
6.7
3.8
Tanzania
7.0
6.4
5.2
6.1
6.3
GDP per capita (US $)
Kenya
357
333
328
322
338
Uganda
236
260
338
359
293
Tanzania
188
176
191
207
186
Share of Industry in GDP (%)
Kenya
16
14
15
16
15
Uganda
10
12
18
20
15
Tanzania
16
13
14
15
14
Source: World Bank (2004)
A study on competitiveness, conducted by the World Bank (2004) on 25 African countries (as summarized in Table 2) reveals that the public institutions of Tanzania and Uganda were doing better than public institutions in Kenya. On macroeconomic environment, Uganda performed better, followed by Tanzania, while Kenya performed better in adopting technology.
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Based on the data above, the performance of the economy of EAC partner states is very similar. However, all partner states should focus on increasing the share of industry to overall GDP and on improving GDP per capita to increase people’s standard of living.
Table 2. Competitiveness Ranking of EAC Member States out of 25 African Countries
Index
Kenya
Uganda
Tanzania
Growth
15 (3.21)
14 (3.25)
9 (3.49)
Macroeconomic environment
15 (3.10)
12 (3.20)
14 (3.12)
Public Institutions
21 (3.16)
18 (3.30)
9 (4.15)
Technology
8 (3.36)
10 (3.25)
12 (3.22)
Source: World Bank (2004) (The figures in brackets are the scores)
The Revival of EAC Co-operation
Wangwe (2001:170) notes that “After the collapse of EAC in 1977 the member states negotiated a Mediation Agreement for the division of assets and liabilities, which was signed in 1984”. The Mediation Agreement, among other things, established the provisions for exploring areas of future co-operation. Hence, in 1991, East African heads of state held a meeting in Harare and reached an agreement to revive the East African Co-operation. That decision culminated in the signing of the agreement for the establishment of a Permanent Tripartite Commission for East African Co-operation on November 30, 1993. As a result, the new East African Community was born, with the East African heads of state signing the Treaty for the re-establishment of the East African Community on November 30, 1999 in Arusha. The treaty entered into force on July 7, 2000 after being ratified by the three partner states.
Muthaura (2001:49) states that:
“EAC’s integration is process based on the experience of three partner states: firstly, on their previous efforts under the defunct EAC of 1967–1977 and the East African Common Services of 1961–1967; secondly, on no co-operation during the period 1977–1993, as well as the emergence of regionalism after the end of cold war in 1989; and on the challenges of the globalization of economic, monetary and information policies of the new world order.”
These three factors raised provide the foundations for the new EAC integration. The new EAC recognizes that it does not exist in isolation. The environment in which the new EAC operates poses challenges and requires a systemic approach in managing the community in order to avoid what happened in 1977 to the previous EAC.
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The Objectives of EAC
According to EAC treaty (2002:12-13):
“The objectives of the community shall be to develop policies and programmes aimed at widening and deepening co-operation among partner states in political, economic, social and cultural fields, research and technology, defence, security and legal and judicial affairs, for their mutual benefit.”
Looking at EAC objectives, it suffices to argue that the community aims at increasing the social welfare of East African citizens through regional economic, social, political and cultural integration. EAC is the vehicle that is determined to transform the life of East African citizens from poverty to a better standard of living. In order to achieve the objectives of EAC, the treaty establishing EAC provides three phases of integration: Custom Union, Common Market and Monetary Union, and eventually, Political Union.
The Organs of EAC
There is a statement of the objectives and principles and organs of the East African Community in the treaty that established the community. According to EAC (2002:170), article 9 of the EAC treaty establishes the organs of EAC. The main organs of the EAC are the Summit of Heads of State; Council of Ministers; Co-ordination Committee; Sectoral Committee; Secretariat; East African Court of Justice; and the East African Legislative Assembly. The first five share executive powers. The East African Legislative Assembly and the Court of Justice share the Federal Legislature and the Federal Judiciary respectively.
THE ACHIEVEMENTS OF THE NEW EAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY CO-OPERATION
This section presents the achievements of the new East African Community Co-operation. The achievements presented are institutional achievements: the success of the EAC Custom Union, the strengthening of East African community identity, steps towards harmonization of monetary and fiscal policies, the implementation of transport and communications projects and the launching of the Lake Victoria Commission. Other achievements have been in areas of co-operation such as joint promotion of the tourism industry, collective employment and poverty reduction strategies and initiatives towards foreign policy co-ordination and fast tracking for EAC Federation.
Institutional Achievements
The first achievement of EAC was to put in place the organs of the community as stated in the EAC treaty (2002). The East African Court of Justice and the East African Legislative Assembly were formally launched in November 2001
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and became operational pillars of the EAC. The East African Legislative Assembly comprises twenty-seven members of parliament. Each partner state is represented by nine members of parliament elected by the National Assembly of each partner state. Since the establishment of the East African Legislative Assembly, at least nine Acts have been passed and enacted including:
• The Community Emblem Act
• The EAC Legislative Assembly Power and Privileges Acts
• The Acts of the Community
• The EAC Customs Management Act
• The EAC Interpretation Act, and
• The Appropriation Acts for 2002 to 2005.
From November 2001 to March 2006, thirty-one questions have been tabled before the East African Legislative Assembly. Kenyan members of parliament raised five questions, Tanzania raised eight questions and Ugandan members of Parliament have raised eighteen questions. However, the East African Court of Justice has only received one case. However, it is envisaged that that the implementation of Custom Union protocol and the extension of the EAC Court’s jurisdiction will create business for the court. The fact that the court does exist remains a major achievement for the EAC.
Custom Union
The most important achievement was the establishment of the EAC Custom Union. The Custom Union Protocol was signed in March 2004 and came into effect on January 1, 2005. According to EAC (2004:20), the Custom Union protocol requires that Kenya eliminate its tariffs on imports originating in Tanzania and Uganda respectively with immediate effect on day one of the Protocol implementation. However, charges of gradually declining taxes remain for 859 products originating from Kenya and exported to Tanzania and 426 products originating from Kenya and exported to Uganda, based on the asymmetry principle. These taxes started to gradually decline from 5% in 2005 and will reach 0% in 2010. Apart from the elimination of tariffs and non-tariff barriers among partner states, the Custom Union Protocol establishes three bands of Common External Tariff on imports originating from third countries. Stahl (2005:7) lists the three Common External Tariff bands as: “0% on raw materials imports; 10% on intermediate products; and 25% on finished products.” Although coordinated by the Customs and Trade Directorate at the EAC Secretariat, the implementation of the EAC Custom Union is managed by revenue authorities of the partner states. Under Customs Union arrangements, goods produced within the EAC move across the border of partner states without taxation provided they qualify under rules of origin. In future, the implementation of the Custom Union Protocol will result in increased intra-trade among partner states, increased competition that will increase consumer’s choice, reduction of costs, and attraction of foreign direct investments. 9
Strengthening of an East African Identity
There have been developments designed to foster the feeling of integration among the people of the EAC and to facilitate an East African identity. These have included the introduction of the East African Community flag, the launching of an East African anthem and the East African passport. The East African passport is issued in all three East African partner states. The holder of an East African passport can enter any East African country for a period of six months without the need to stamp his/her passport. The East African passport is a travel document designed to ease border crossing for East Africans. It is a document valid for travel only within the countries of the East African community and allows the holder a multi-entry, renewable, stay of up to six months in any of the three partner states. Modalities of internationalizing the East African passport are under discussion. In other measures to ease border crossing for East Africans, issuance of inter-state passes commenced on July 1, 2003 and the partner states have adopted a single immigration departure/entry card.
Harmonizations of Monetary and Fiscal Policies
Steps toward the harmonization of monetary and fiscal policies have included convertibility of the partner states’ currencies, harmonization of banking rules and regulations, harmonization of Finance Ministries’ pre- and post-budget consultations, regular sharing of information on budgets, and reading of budget statements on the same day. In capital markets, there have been changes in the policies and trading practices and regulations in the three stock exchanges. The committee for The Establishment of Capital Markets Development that oversees development of the capital markets in the East African Community aims to develop East African Community Capital Markets including managing cross-listing of stocks.
Transport and Communications
A Tripartite Agreement on Road Transport has been ratified by partner states. The main objectives of the agreement are to facilitate interstate road transport through reduced documentation for crews and vehicles at border crossing, harmonized requirements for operation licensing and customs and immigration regulations, among others. In order to fast-track decisions on transport and communications, the EAC established the Sectoral Council on Transport, Communications and Meteorology. The East African Road Network Project is currently working to improve East African Infrastructure. The East Africa Links Project Corridor includes the following transport network improvements:
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Tanzania
• Dar-es-Salaam – Dodoma- Isaka- Mutukula- Masaka (2020 km)
• Biharamulo-Mwanza-Musoma-Sirari-Lodwar Lokichogio in Kenya (449 km)
• Tunduma-Sumbawanga-Kasulu-Nyakanazi (1121 km)
• Tunduma-Sumbawanga – Nyakanazi (1056 km)
Uganda
• Malaba/Busia – Katuna (636 km)
• Masaka – Mutukula (85 km)
• Kapchorwa –Suam – Mbale – Lwakakha (128 km)
Kenya
• Mombasa – Malaba
• Isebania – Lokichogio (954 km)
• Namanga – Moyale (128 km )
An estimated US $1 billion has been utilized in the implementation of these projects with a target for implementation by 2008. Partner states directly implement components of the project within their borders with the support of the World Bank, European Union, and the African Development Bank among others, with the Secretariat coordinating the realization of the whole project on a regional basis through regular consultative meetings and conferences.
The task force is studying the harmonization of road transit charges, and addressing road safety issues in the region. On railway transport, projects are on going for the construction of the Tanga - Arusha - Musoma - Port Bell/Jinja Railways that would make substantial impact on the efficiency of the East African railway system. The partner states are currently working on modalities to establish an East Africa Railways Master Plan that aims at improving the railway network. The improvement of the railway network goes together with the improvement of the ports at Mombasa and Dar-es-Salaam that act as the gateway to landlocked East African countries. Other achievements in transport and communications include the implementation of the Cross-Border Telecommunication Conductivity, implementation of the East African Postal Automation Project, conclusion of a Tripartite Inland Waterways Agreement and completion of the study on the assessment of the status of Lake Victoria Ports.
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Launching of Lake Victoria Commission
Lake Victoria is a common factor shared by the three partner states of East Africa. Lake Victoria is facing problems of persistent decline of water levels and increasing levels of pollution. East African partner states have taken a number of steps to preserve the lake through the implementation of the Lake Victoria Environmental Management Program. A draft of the Lake Victoria Transport Bill is under consideration and partner states ratified the Tripartite Agreement on Inland Waterways Transport in 2004 that provides a harmonized legislation covering Inland Waterways Transport in the EAC to enhance transport and safety on the lake. The establishment of the Lake Victoria Commission mandated by the East African partner states in ensuring sustainable use of Lake Victoria is vital for the sustainability of Lake Victoria. Furthermore, in the April 2006 Summit, the heads of state of East Africa agreed to hold a special Summit that will deliberate on key issues of controlling and managing the sustainable use of Lake Victoria.
Collective Employment and Poverty Reduction Strategies
The partner states have adopted an action program that will focus on increased employment and poverty reduction in the EAC. Repinski (2005:5) points out that “EAC policies, projects and programmes intend to contribute implicitly and automatically to poverty reduction through their general focus on integration.” The East African Sub-regional Conference on Employment and Poverty Alleviation was held in Zanzibar in May 2005 and adopted a plan of action. In this regard, the EAC projects and programs are assessed as to how they contribute towards poverty eradication in the region. Furthermore, the East African Community established an annual Ministerial Forum to focus on employment creation and poverty reduction.
Foreign Policy Co-ordination
Activities in the area of co-operation in foreign affairs are ongoing in line with the EAC Memorandum of Understanding on Foreign Policy Co-ordination. In the year 2002, the Ministers responsible for foreign affairs discussed the modalities and strategies for bringing about common foreign policy for East Africa. The modalities include collaboration in diplomatic and consular activities; collaboration in economic and social activities; liaison and exchange of information; and collaboration in administration and capacity building. In the meantime, the study on the implementation of Article 123 of the Treaty on the Establishment of Common Foreign Policy has begun.
Joint Tourism Promotion Initiatives
In April this year, the East African Community partner states signed important protocols that will promote tourism in East Africa. These protocols are: the protocol on Environment and Natural Resources Management and the protocol for the Standards Criteria for the Classification of Hotels, Restaurants
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and other Tourist Facilities. The two protocols will help in promoting East Africa as a single tourist destination and will result in attracting more tourists and increasing the contribution of the tourism industry to the East African economy.
As part of the joint effort to promote East Africa as a singe tourist destination, partner states have participated in major international travel markets forums including the World Travel Market in London November 2005 and the International Tourism Bourse in Berlin in March 2006.
Fast Tracking the East African Community Federation
In the course of implementation of the EAC Development strategy (2001–2005), the heads of state decided in 2004 to explore options for fast tracking the process towards achieving political federation, and set up a committee to work on this matter. The committee produced a report named the Report of the Committee on Fast Tracking East African Federation, November 2004. The prevailing view is that the determination of regional issues and the pace of the integration process would be more expeditious if conducted within a clear, definite and enabling political framework.
During the extraordinary Summit held in Dar-es-Salaam on May 29-30, 2005, the heads of state considered the report of the committee and reaffirmed their vision of federation. The heads of states established the post of Deputy Secretary General in charge of fast tracking the process of political federation. The April 2006 EAC Summit held in Arusha appointed a Ugandan to the post and extended the time for consultations among stakeholders in the region. The third EAC Development Strategy 2005-2010 places emphasis on consolidating the Customs Union and completing negotiations for a Common Market Protocol while laying the necessary conditions for monetary union.
CHALLENGES FACING THE NEW EAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY
The challenges facing the new East African Co-operation are presented in this section. The challenges are economic, global, political, social and challenges concerning financial resources.
Economic Challenge
One of the reasons for the collapse of the previous East African Community in 1977 was the perception of disproportionate sharing of economic benefits accruing from regional markets and lack of a formula for dealing with the problem. It is a challenge to the community to address problems arising from the implementation of the treaty. Partner states must recognize that, in the short run, benefits to accrue from implementation of the treaty will not all happen at the same time. However, eventually, all the partner states will benefit from the implementation of the treaty. The treaty provides safeguard measures that a partner state may take to remedy any adverse economic
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effects arising out of the application pf provisions on trade liberalization and co-operation.
Globalization Challenge
The East African Community does not exist in isolation; it exists in the world of global competition. In order to withstand the challenges of globalization, the EAC needs to unite and participate in the World Trade Organization negotiations as a block, participate in European Union trade arrangements as a single trading block, and take advantage of the United States of America - African Growth and Opportunity Act and European Union initiatives of Everything but Arms.
Furthermore, in order for the EAC to benefit, then globalization must improve supply conditions. Deliberate efforts must reduce the cost of doing business, ensure availability of business services, and improve EAC infrastructure. Improving the performance of major ports such as Mombasa and Dar-es-Salaam, and the East Africa Road Network and East Africa Railway Network are key challenges facing the East African Community. Improving supply conditions will enhance EAC capacity to withstand the forces of globalization.
Political Challenge
The sustainability of the East African Community and the achievement of a political federation will depend on a level of political goodwill. That is why there is a need for sustaining political goodwill and public support. The implementation of the EAC treaty requires successful negotiation of a number of protocols. In order for negotiations to succeed quickly, political goodwill is essential. It is a good thing to note that currently all three partner states believe in market-driven policies, good governance and rule of law. These factors help to shape common political ground that will help in shaping economic, political and social integration and eventually the establishment of a political federation. However, the EAC report on Fast Tracking (2004:81) reports that the fear of loss of sovereignty is an issue in the minds of some members of the political elite of East Africa. The fear is that as a Federation, the nation states would cease to have any meaningful powers; that they would be relegated to mere provinces within the Federation. This fear cannot be ignored and a mechanism is needed to eliminate such fears. This is a political challenge for East Africans.
Social Challenge
Participation by citizens is at the core of the new East African Community. The treaty advocates the need for people-driven and people-centered development. East African people should play an active role in determining the progress of the new community. The Community will therefore have to live up to the expectations of the peoples of East Africa through implementing the treaty’s provisions for the creation of an enabling environment for the private
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sector and civil society participation, the strengthening of the private sector; and enhancement of co-operation among business organizations and professional bodies.
Financial Resources Challenge
Experience indicates that contributions to the EAC budget always arrive not only late but also that partner states contribute less than their requirement. Inadequate financing is one of the main barriers to regional integration in Africa (Odhiambo, 2005:150 and Lwarukwa et al, 2002). Furthermore, donor contributions for studies/research do not only come with strings attached they also take too long to access and are inflexible for short-term requirements for the community. A substantial amount of resources is required to implement the treaty. In addition to internal mobilization of resources, there will be a need for a sustained mobilization of external resources, especially for the development of infrastructure. In addition, substantial resources will also be required for adequate funding of the organs and institutions of the community. In April 2006, the EAC Summit held in Arusha in Tanzania established the EAC Fund. The fund will help in financing projects that will benefit partner states and to some extent the fund will act as a compensatory mechanism for those at the periphery of the community with poor infrastructure, and those with an underdeveloped industrial sector. The question that remains is whether the partner states will live up to their commitment of contributing the agreed amount of funds to the community.
CONCLUSIONS
The decision for re-establishing the East African Community is a right decision taken at the right time. It is a right decision that will enable East African partner states to withstand the forces of globalization, provide an enabling environment for attracting foreign direct investments, create a large market of over 90 million people, remove barriers and obstacles of trade within the East African Community, reduce the cost of doing business in East Africa, and eventually improve the standard of living for East Africans.
However, establishing the East African Community Co-operation alone is not a panacea and requires deliberate efforts to avoid the collapse of the new East African Community, as happened to the previous East African Community. Tanzanians, Ugandans and Kenyans must start thinking as East Africans and stop thinking as individual nations, and economic, global, social and financial resource challenges need to be addressed for the survival of the community.
The success of the East African Community will be achieved through the application of political will, adherence to good governance, and the implementation of market-driven economic policies. This will happen with the support of a strong private sector, sustainable institutional development, the development of an efficient and effective compensatory mechanism and
15
putting in place an effective system for raising resources for the community, both from partner states and from other sources.
wakenya hata kupenda wenyewe hawapendani ndo ije kuwa kwa watu wengine?ebu letz get realistic ppl...
ReplyDeletewakenya mmeanzisha vita wenyewe mmeona ya kwenu yamewashinda(vita vya kikabila ) sasa libeneke mmetugeuzia sie sio?wrong number fools,
ReplyDeleteThis Guys is NOT smart; shirikisho halina mjadala. Ili Tanzania isonge mbele kwa kasi inahitaji msukumo kwa kibiashara an kifikra za maendeleo kutoka kila mahali. Iwapo tutakuwa na majirani tunaoshirikiana nao ni vizuri zaidi kuliko kuiga kutoka UK, USA, China n.k
ReplyDeleteHuyu mtu yeye kila kitu kwake ni hasara kwa Tanzania; kwa nini tusijiwekee "RING FENCE" kwa mambo ambayo hatuna uhakika na hatutaki kuwakaribisha wenzetu kama Ajira na Arthi n.k. badala ya kukataa kila kitu????
Watanzania mnafikiri tutatuwa wenyewe wenyewe mpaka lini?
This Guys is NOT smart; shirikisho halina mjadala. Ili Tanzania isonge mbele kwa kasi inahitaji msukumo kwa kibiashara an kifikra za maendeleo kutoka kila mahali. Iwapo tutakuwa na majirani tunaoshirikiana nao ni vizuri zaidi kuliko kuiga kutoka UK, USA, China n.k
ReplyDeleteHuyu mtu yeye kila kitu kwake ni hasara kwa Tanzania; kwa nini tusijiwekee "RING FENCE" kwa mambo ambayo hatuna uhakika na hatutaki kuwakaribisha wenzetu kama Ajira na Arthi n.k. badala ya kukataa kila kitu????
Watanzania mnafikiri tutatuwa wenyewe wenyewe mpaka lini?
wewe mdau ulieandika hii habari/mada nyeti HONGERA SANA NA NI MFANO WA KUIGWA habari hii haina "JAZBA" NI "UKWELI" ULIO WAZI NA.... "KUMRADHI".... KWASABABU INASEMEKANA KWAMBA ...."UKWELI UNAUMA"....NA HABARI HII IMELETWA KWETU KWA LUGHA INAYOFAHAMIKA/ELEWEKA NA WATANZANIA WALIO WENGI.
ReplyDeleteWe aint..goin no-wea we aint..goin no wea..we cnt be stopped now coz we r TANZANIAAANS for lifeeeeee...
ReplyDeletenakuunga mkono kwa asilimia 200.
ReplyDeletekweli ni smart. Ingechapishwa barua yake kwenye gazeti hata wasio na mtandao wangeisoma na kuelewa.
ReplyDeletePonge zangu pia ni kwa kuandika kiswahili fasaha
mashaka mwingine kwenye lugha ya kiswahili nini?
ReplyDeleteNdugu mheshimiwa nashukuru sana kwa kumwelewesha huyu jirani yetu kuhusu utanzania.Kwanza ninawaomba watanzqania wenzetu tuwe makini kwa sasa kwani hili suala tusiliwachie hiv hivi,mimi binafsi maoni yangu ni kuwa sitaki huu umoja.Sababu zenyewe ni zote ulizozitaja na kwa nyongeza tu ni kwamba yale mafao ya wafanyakazi EAC mpaka sasa hawajalipwa na serikali yetu ndio inajitahidi yenyewe kuwalipa watanzania waliokuwa wanafanya kazi wakati wa uhai wa EAC,kwani kisheria EAC ilitakiwa iwalipe lakini wenzetu walichukuwa kila kitu na kuingia mitini.Pia ikumbukwe kuwa enzi hizo wao walikuwa wanasema wameendelea sana kwa kila nyanja sasa kama ni hivyo wanatuhitaji sisi kwa kitu gani kama sio rasilimali za asili.Naomba watanzania wote tuwe makini na pia naomba serikali yet isitufiche kitu chochote kuhusu huu muungano kwani tumetoka mbali na tunapokwenda mabli, watu wanaongezeka na ardhi tuliyonayo ni yetu sisi watanzania.Pia naomba serikali yetu iige mfano wa marekani kwa masuala ya watu wa nje kuja na kukaa bure au kufanya kazi bila kibali cha uhamiaji.Naomba Mkurugenzi wa uhamiaji aliombe bunge letu tukufu lifanye mabadiliko kwenye sheria ya uhamiaji ili iendane na wakati ili tuweze kukabiliana na watu wa nje wanokuja na kukaa au kufanya kazi kiholela bila ya kuwa na kibali cha serikali.Napendekeza uhamiaji wafanye madiliko kuhusu watu wanokuja na kujifanya kuoa dada zetu na kuwazalisha kisha kuomba uraia bila hata ya dada zetu kujua kwamba kuna kitu kinaendelea.Hii nimeiona sana kwa dada zetu wanaoolewa na watu wenye asili ya asia na wanaigeria.Wanawandanganya dada zetu na kwa kuwazalisha na kisha wakishapata uraia wanawabwaga na kuwaoa watu wa kwao kwani hawana shida nao tena.Naomba kuwe na mahojiano kati ya ofisa wa uhamiaji, mzawa na huyo mtu wa nje(bibi au bwana wa nje) na pia kuhakikisha kuwa ndoa yao ni halali wawe na vitu vinavyoonyesha kuwa wanamiliki pamoja kama nyumba, gari, biashara( hati miliki iwe na majina yao wote wawili), bima ya afya na pia waonyeshe au wawe tayari kwa kutoa taarifa ya shughuli zao walizokuwa wanafanya huko nyuma kabla ya kuja Tanzania ili ofisa aweze kuwasiliana na ubalozi wa nchi yake ili kupata uhakika.Hii yote ni kwa ajili ya kumsaidia au kumlinda maslahi ya dada au kaka yetu.Naomba niishie hapo lakini wakati ujao nitaoa mapendekezo zaidi kuhusu uhamiaji kwani wakishindwa na EAC wataanza kwa njia hizo nilizozitaja ili wakidhi haja zao.Nawaomba watanzania wenzangu tuupinge kwa moyo mmoja huu muungano ili tuendelee kuishi kwa amani na furaha hata kama sisi ni mskini tumeshazoea haya maisha ndio maana hatuna matata na mtu.Yeye aliyeendelea mbona asiende Uingereza kuishi kwa sababu anajua kiingereza?Tena akome kabisa kuzungumzia nchi yetu kwani alikuwa wapi wakati walipokuwa wanachinjana kwa sababu ya uchaguzi?Au ndio Uinglish huyo?Koma wewe kabisa na nchi yetu kwanza sio ajabu hata kijijini kwako huendi kwa kuogopa kuvamiwa na majambazi(Haya ni kweli kwani naishi marekani, na nafanyakazi na wakenya wengi wakati wa likiizo wanakwenda mombasa wanakaa hotelini na wazazi, ndugu na jamaa wanakuja kukaa nae siku zote hadi siku ya kuondoka kwa kuogopa kuvamiwa au ndugu yake kutekwa nyara ili atoe malipo.Wakati mimi nikija nyumbani kila mtu ananifurahia hata kuku wa jirani anawika kwa furaha ya mgeni.JK ninakuomba kwa hali na mali kataa kabisa huu mkataba wa Berlin sasa hivi tupo macho sio 1885.Naomba kama ikiwezekana tusaini partition kwa Rais kumwomba akatae huu umoja usio na mbele wala nyuma.
ReplyDeleteNakupa tano mwanangu hapa haungani mtu watuache na umaskini wetu !!!
ReplyDeleteWakenya hawana ardhi,ardhi ni ya matajiri,hatuwataki.
ReplyDeleteWakenya wamezidiwa!! Tanzania 4ever!!! We have everything we need, we just have to use our resources wisely. Everyone is talking about education, corruption etc but who is talking about job creation. I personally know so many graduates from UDSM with no jobs. We need a government structured approach to deal with people coming out of higher education and people living out of education in order to take the country forward. That is my take to all this, no more, no less.
ReplyDeleteMimi ni Mtanzania lakini napinga wadau wanaosema kuwa Tanzania itapata hasara au mali yake na ardhi itachukuliwa na Kenya ikijiunga kabisa na Jumuiya.
ReplyDeleteKama tunataka maendeleo lazima tuwe na umoja na wenzetu. Hatuwezi kuchangua. Mali ya Tanzania kwa vyovyote inaliwa na makampuni ya Ulaya katika madini. Mbona hatuwafukuzi hao? Tunakula matunda ya Afrika Kusini wakati yetu yanaoza. Kwa kifupi, kuna faida nyingi kuliko hasara katika biashara na umoja wa jumuiya kuliko kujitenga.
Nchi za Afrika Mashariki ni masikini. Umoja utasaidia kupunguza gharama na kutumia wasomi wa nchi zote ili tujiendeleze.
Ukichukulia mfano wa nchi tajiri, utaona kuwa nchi masikini nyingi katika jumuiya ya Ulaya kama Estonia na Lithuania, ambao wamejiunga karibuni, walikuwa wanakimbilia Uingereza kufanya kazi. Uingereza ikapata wasomi, na nchi zao ikapata pesa za kujiendeleza. Kila mmoja akafaidika.
Kumpa haki Mkenya kufanya kazi bila ya viza au pasipoti sio mwishow a dunia. Wadau wengi wanasema kuwa Tanzania tuna madini na mali nyingi sana na tusiwape wageni kitu chochote. Lanini wenyewe hatuna uwezo wa kutumia hizo mali kujiendeleza. Na kama kweli tuna mali nyingi, kwa nini mpaka leo ni masikini na tunawategemea wazungu watupe misaada tangu uhuru. Hata vyuo vyetu hatuna masomo ya kibiashara ya juu kama Master of Business Administration (MBA), lakini makampuni yakiwapa kazi Wakenya kw a kuwa kwao wana masomo hayo katika vyuo vyao tunapiga makelele.
Mimi binafsi, naona ni bora kumpa mgeni rasilimali ya nchi yangu kama atanipa kazi na nitaweza kujiendeleza kuliko kutokuwa na kazi wala maendeleo yoyote. Imepita miaka mingi, tunaambiwa kuwa Tanzania ina mali nyingi lakini sioni Wananchi wanafaidika mpaka leo. Kama kuna Mkenya ambaye ana elimu ya kuzalisha matunda basi ni bora aje ili tunywe juisi ya Tanzania na kuwapa kazi watanzania na kulipa ada TRA, kuliko kununua matunda Afrika Kusini.
Kenya Uganda, Rwanda na Burundi ni ma-vampire, wanachinjana na kunywa damu za citizen wenzao kisa tu hawako kabila moja.now are we comfy to allow FOUR Vampires in our bedroom, ili watunyonye damu? I don think so!
ReplyDeleteMdau nimefurahishwa sana na mchango wako. Tena mie mwenyewe nilikuwa naongelea hili swala muda si mrefu! tafadhali tuwasiliane tubadilishane mawazo.
ReplyDeletetwalem@hotmail.com
Watanzania hatuna 'drive' na 'juhudi' kama Wakenya. Tunahitaji kusukumwa sana.
ReplyDeleteHata hivyo madhara ya kuwakubalia Wakenya kila wanachotaka ni hatari mno.
Kama hawataki Shirikisho kwa staili yetu bora mambo yaharibike hapa hapa.
Tusitishane eti Muungano ni lazima huko tuendako. China imeungana na nani?
unaona watu hao.....halafu wazanzibari wakilalamikia muungano wa tanzania wanaambiwa wanapenda kulalama!
ReplyDeletehuu muungano utakuja na watu huko tanganyika waonje joto ya jiwe kuunganisha nchi na watu wajanja!
hapo EAC ikishafanyika uhakikishe kenya ndo atakaefaidika tu...kwani kenya kihistoria ni nchi iliyochakarika zaidi kuliko tanzania na huo ndo ukweli!
zbar ishaonewa sanaa kwa hiyo EAC iharakishwe ili watu waonje maumivu ya kuungana pengine wazanzibar watakapolalamikia muungano wa tanzania watafahamika kiurahisi!
Tough luck, viva Tanzania go the way that is best!
ReplyDeleteBwana Michuzi tunashukru kwa nafasi hii.Mchangiaji awali nampa pongezi na amefanya vyema kufafanua hasara nasio kwamba tanzanians are immune to new idea,ni uwazi ambao watanzania wameuona na hawataki kufanya makosa tena.
ReplyDeleteMbali ya yote mimi binafsi siungi mkono huo umoja.nikizingatia,ukabila ambao wote nchi jirani wanao pamoja na udini,nk.Tunamshukru Mwenyezi Mungu kwa amani na maelewano tuliyonayo tanzania,na kwa rehema zake yeye aliye mkuu tutashinda yote magumu.
pia,Bwana Michuzi ningpenda kukumbusha kwamba kuna mchangiaji hapa katoa maoni kutoka university of hull,itakuwa jambo jema ukaweka katika mtandao wako ili wtu wazdi kufunguka na kuona ambayo mengine sio rahis kama hauna upeo huu.
Mungu Ibariki Tanzania.
mdau-living in CA
wadau hivi mnategemea nani azisome comments ndefu kama zile?si huo muda bora akashike jembe apande hata muhogo mmoja yu uote
ReplyDeleteWadau its not an issue of nani smart hapa...leteni hoja changa moto ya bongooz siyo issue za nani smart. I enjoy intelligent dialogue.....
ReplyDeletendugu wachangiaji naomba kuanza kwa kuuliza hasa maendeleo nini? je maendeleo ni kujaza viwanda lukuki ambavyo siyo vyenu ni vya mabepari ambao wamekaa kwao wakiendeleza ukoloni mamboleo( Neo-colonialism) wakati raia wa nchi ni masikini wanaishi katika nyumba za makaratasi na mabox huku kinyesi kikipita katikati yenu wakati mkila au mnaongea.Je maendeleo ni pale ambapo wachache waliopata nafasi wanamiliki raslimali ya taifa kwa manufaa ya o hali kundi kubwa la wananchi wakiwa masikini wa kutupwa,Vigezo gani tunavitumia kuiona nchi ina maendeleo ni pale tunapoona dhamani ya pesa ya chi fulani ikiwa kubwa kuliko ya mwenzie kwa kigezo cha fedha za kimataifa k.m.$,#, na sasa euro.Tumesahau kuwa kuna nchi tajiri sana zinahujumiwa fedha zao kwa ajili ya msimamo wakutokukubali ukoloni mamboleo?(watanzania mnakumbuka London Rhodesia-LONRHO)Kampuni ziyo ilivyocheza na shilingi ya Tanzania Je walikuwa na sababu ya kushusha dhamani ya pesa ya Kenya wakati Fedha ni ya wao na wala siyo ya wananchi, wanasababu kupunguza kwacha ya malawi wakati biashara zote ni zao watakuwa wanamkomoa nani.Mashamba na viwanda vilivyoko Kenya ukiachilia vya ukoo wa Kenyatta, Moi, Njonjo na wachache ni vya wakenya au ni vya waheshimiwa ndiyo kwa maana mkenya akimwona mzungu anamwambia Yes sir hataakitukanwa,je haikutokea baadhi ya wazungu wakawa wanataka wafanyakazi kutoka kenya hata upishi kwa vile watanzania hatujazoea yes sir bali tunajua ndugu? Mzee Odinga sr.aliandika Not Yet Uhuru kuna mtu alikisoma kitabu hicho mimi nilikisoma wakati nikijifunza fasihi(English Literature)unafikili aliwaandikia akina nani ambao walikuwa hawajapata uhuru? Watanzania mwalimu alikuwa akiwandikia na kuwapa kauli mbiu ya Uhuru na Kazi Uhuru ni kazi akimanisha tuulinde maana tumeufanyia kazi kuupata.Je leo hii maisha ya maskini wa kenya na maisha ya masikini wa Tanzania unaweza kuyalinganisha umewahii kuona eneo kama Kibera au Mathale Valley, Dandora phase 1,2,3,4, kwa wale mliobahatika kusafiri katika tanzania. Ninamaana kunamtanzania anayeishi katika nyumba ya makaratasi au maboksi?Hiyo dharau ya ndugu zetu inatoka wapi si kwa kutokujua tu sasa wanatafuta kujikwamua maana hawategemei wala hawana ndoto ya kuja kuwa na ardhi kama wewe si mtu fulani hiyo ardhi wanaitaka kwa pupa badala ya (MTAKA CHA UVUGUNI).
ReplyDeleteMwisho watanzania jivunie utanzania wako usibabaishwe na kauli za baadhi ya ndugu zetu ambao aidha hawajui wanalosema au wanamatatizo ya kuona mbali.Tanzania ni potential kwa kila hali.Na sisi watanzania nimatajiri ndo maana hata sasa tunang'ang'aniwa mbona hakuna Mtanzania anayekurupukia Kenya akafanye nini, leo hii Wanaitamani Tanzania kama watu wanavyotamani kukimbilia Marekani na ulaya kwa vile kunamategemeo, hatuna mategemeo yoyote Huko Kenya zaidi ya kutaka kukuza udugu wetu kwa itikadi ya heshima na ustaarabu sasa kuingiza itikadi za watu wasio na heshima na ustarabu tutajichimbia kaburi ambalo litatuzika wenyewe.
Anon. wa Dec. 08 1:05, we ushapanda mihogo mingapi mpaka sasa wakati wenzako wanatumia silaha zao z mdomo hapo kutetea na kulinda nchi yao hapa jamvini kwa kutoa mawazo yenye mchango mkubwa kwa kuelewesha wengine athari inayotaka kutukumba? Tena we hilo shamba lako la mihogo tunalijua liko Mkuranga Ngonja karibu na songosongo area, subiri waje kukunyanga'nya hichi kishambacho cha mihogo hapo watakapokuja kumiliki viwanja vya huko karibu na maeneo ya hicho kishamba chako,sijui hiyo mihogo unayotutambia kuwa bora kushughulika nayo, unasema nini wewe? acha vichwa vyenye mbolea vifunuke hapa jamvini tuone yapitikanayo, wewe endelea kula futari yako ya muhogo kisha uendelee kupiga mbwewe kwa shibe.
ReplyDeleteNimefurahishwa na kipengele chako cha mwisho Anon wa Dec 08, 11:28
viva viva Tanzania
ReplyDeleteviva mdau ulotoa hii mada
viva viongozi wenye msimamo wa kutoitumbukiza Tz jehanamu (vitu visivo manufaa kwetu)
viva wawakilishi wa Tz EAC
viva umoja wenye watu wenye akili zao za kuchambua madaz/pumbaz
viva michu na blogu hii ambayo JK anaisoma na wawakilishi wake iwaingie akilini.
aluta kontinua:ARDHI,JOB OPOORTUNITY,ID,UTALII
HULL UNIVERSITY
ReplyDeleteDr uyo dah ameshusha mashule ile mbaya
I am a kenyan and i believe (especially Africans) everybody needs everybody. I advocate for a united Africa but the east african community is a good start. The west africans are doing very well economically and any east african would be loookng at the union selectively if he she thinks their country will not benefit from this. Looking it from just a business perdpective, eith a single currency, freedom of movement and of doing business, the benefits are enormous for all the parties. Just think of that population being within your market reach, its unbelievable. I am very sure this idea is giving the 'west' a sleepless night and they are or will try to sabotage this efforts.
ReplyDelete